Book 17

 

Lesson 1

 

Vocabulary


Nouns

appearance   ��û�ҡ�

           She had the appearance of a college student.

                  �Ҽ��˭ԧ���ѡɳ�����͹�ѡ���¹�Է�����

beard   ������鹺��ҧ������

          A man�s beard is the hair that grows on his chin and cheeks.

blonde   ˭ԧ����ռ��շͧ�¸����ҵ�

         Is she a natural blonde? = Is her hair naturally blonde?

                  �Ҽ��˭ԧ�繤�����ռ��շͧ�¸����ҵ������

brunette   ˭ԧ����ռ��չ�ӵ�����

          A brunette is a white-skinned woman or girl with dark brown hair.

character   �ػ�����

          Perhaps there is a negative side to his character that you haven�t seen yet.

                         ï¿½Ò¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ø»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â´ï¿½Ò¹Åºï¿½Í§ï¿½Ò«ï¿½è§¤Ø³ï¿½Ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

characteristic    �ѡɳ�   �ѡɳо����

           The two groups of children have quite different characteristics.

                          ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ¡É³Ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½É·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½Ñ¹

demand   ������ͧ���

           They consistently rejected the demand to remove U.S. troops.

                          ï¿½Ç¡ï¿½Ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ê¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½Ö§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½Ã·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¡Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ°

judgment     ����ԹԨ���   �������   �Ԩ�ó�ҹ   ��õѴ�Թ

            In your judgment, what has changed over the past few years?

                           ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¢Í§ï¿½Ø³ ����������¹�ŧ㹪�ǧ���»շ���ҹ��

observation   ����ѧࡵ�

             In hospital she�ll be under observation all the time.

                            ï¿½ï¿½Ã§ï¿½ï¿½Òºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ã´ï¿½ï¿½Åµï¿½Í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

personality   �ؤ�ԡ�ѡɳ�

          She has such a kind, friendly personality.

                          ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ¡É³Ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¨´ï¿½

quality   �س�Ҿ

          Everyone can greatly improve the quality of life.

                       ï¿½Ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ã¶ï¿½Ñ²ï¿½Ò¤Ø³ï¿½Ò¾ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½Ò¡

redhead   ������ռ��չ�ӵ��ᴧ

          A redhead is person, especially a woman, whose hair is a colour that is between red and brown.

trait   �س�ѡɳ�  

          Creativity is a human trait.

                     ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½Ã¤ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¤Ø³ï¿½Ñ¡É³Ð¢Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

trust   ��������

          You�ve betrayed their trust.

                     ï¿½Ø³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¨¢Í§ï¿½Ç¡ï¿½ï¿½

 

 Verbs

demand   ���¡��ͧ   �ǧ���   ��ͧ���

          The Labour Party has demanded an explanation from the government.

                         ï¿½ï¿½Ã¤ï¿½Ã§ï¿½Ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â¡ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½Í¸Ôºï¿½Â¨Ò¡ï¿½Ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½                                          

deny   ����ʸ

           They all denied ever having seen her.

                        ï¿½Ç¡ï¿½Ò·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ê¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

depend on   �������Ѻ

           He depended on his writing for his income.

                        ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½Ò¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñºï¿½Ò¹ï¿½ï¿½Â¹

share   �觻ѹ

            Two Americans will share this year�s Nobel Prize for Medicine.

                            ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ô¡Ñ¹ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò¢Ò¡ï¿½ï¿½á¾·ï¿½ï¿½Õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ / �չ���ҧ�������Ңҡ��ᾷ���繢ͧ�������ԡѹ�ͧ��

trust   �����   ����

            She trusts her husband completely.

                        ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Õ¢Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ã³ï¿½

Adjectives

attractive   ���֧�ٴ  ������ͧ

             She�s a very attractive woman.

                             ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¼ï¿½ï¿½Ë­Ô§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§/���ʹ���

bald   �ռ�����   ����ռ�

             He started going bald in his twenties.

                             ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Øªï¿½Ç§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ôº

blond (used with male), blonde (used with woman)   ���շͧ

             The baby had blond curls.

                               ï¿½ç¡¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½Õ·Í§

clever   ��Ҵ

             He�s a very clever man.

                              ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò´ï¿½Ò¡

curly   �ռ����͹

              Her hair was dark and curly.

                                ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹

demanding   ��ͧ���

             The work is physically demanding.

                                ï¿½Ò¹ï¿½ï¿½é¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ã§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò§ï¿½Ò¡

dependable   ������Ͷ����

             He was a good friend, a dependable companion.

                                      ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �����͹������Ͷ����

elderly   ����٧���

            There was an elderly couple in the lounge, sipping their tea.

                             ï¿½Õ¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ù§ï¿½ï¿½Â¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �Ժ��Ӫ�

generous   ��㨡�س�   ���������

          He is always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.

                           ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è§»Ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

gray / grey   ����

          Grey is the colour of ashes or of clouds on a rainy day.

hardworking   ��ѹ�ӧҹ

          He was hardworking.

                            ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ¹ï¿½Ó§Ò¹

honest   �����ѵ��

          I know she�s honest and reliable.

                             ï¿½Ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

mean   �᤺   ����˹���

           She�s always been mean with money.

                             ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¤ï¿½ï¿½á¤ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í§ï¿½Ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

messy   ʡ�á ���/���� ���������º

           The house was always messy.

                            ï¿½ï¿½Ò¹Ê¡ï¿½Ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Âºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

middle   �����ҧ��ҧ   ����ç��ҧ

          He was very successful in his middle forties.

                        ï¿½Ò»ï¿½ï¿½Êºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ò¡ï¿½ï¿½Ç§ï¿½ï¿½Â¡ï¿½Ò§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ôº

neat   ������º

          They sat in a neat and tidy kitchen.

                   �ǡ�ҹ������㹤��Ƿ��������º���º����

reliable   ������Ͷ����   ���������

           Japanese cars are so reliable.

                                  Ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

stingy   �᤺   ����˹���

           Tom was not a stingy man.

                             ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ë¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

wavy   ���͹����

            She has short, wavy brown hair.

                                 ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Õ¹ï¿½Óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

 

Exercise


Match the word with its meaning.

1   Appearance

_____ arranged in an orderly way

2   Characteristic

_____ to curve slightly

3   Demand

_____ stingy

4   Quality

_____ rely on

5   Depend on

_____ old

6   Elderly

_____ how good or bad it is

7   Mean

_____ a firm request for something

8   Wavy

_____ the qualities or features that belong to a person and                                                                           
         make him/her recognizable

9   Neat

_____ the way that they look

 

Answer 

                                              

Choose the correct answer

1. How has Sue�s appearance changed?

              a.   She used to work in the office, but now she works outdoor. 

              b.   She used to be hardworking, but now she�s lazy.

              c.   She used to have blond hair, but now it�s gray.    

2. A ____ is a white-skinned woman or girl with dark brown hair.

              a.   redhead

              b.   blonde

              c.   brunette   

3. If you always tell the truth, you�re _______ .

              a.   mysterious

              b.   honest           

              c.   bizarre

4. When you always do what you say you will do, you are _______.

              a.   reliable      

              b.   generous

              c.   hardworking

5. Your ____ is your whole character and nature.

              a.   personality     

              b.   observation

              c.   physical appearance

6. A ______ is a particular characteristic, quality, or tendency that someone or something has.

              a.   gift                                   

              b.   trait                                   

              c.    judgement

7. Your ______ in someone is your belief that they are honest and sincere and will not deliberately do anything to harm you.

              a.   trust                                 

              b.    judge                                 

              c.    estimate

8. She�s always been ________ with money.

              a.   mean                                   

              b.   save                                

              c.    economic         

9. They all ______ ever having seen her.

              a.   denied                                   

              b.   depended                      

              c.    relied

10. They consistently rejected the _____   to remove US. Troops.

              a.   refuse                                      

              b.   deny                              

              c.   demand     

 

Answer

 

Grammar

Synonym   ��ͤӷ���դ�����������͹���ͤ����  ��  smart  �� synonym �ͧ�� intelligent �դ���������� ��Ҵ     �ա������ҧ˹�觡��� awful ��� terrible �繤ӷ���դ���������ҡѺ ���ҡ��ǔ  ������ҧ������

                                           pretty                    -     attractive

                                           generous                -     unselfish,   willing to share

                                           honest                   -     truthful

                                           characteristics         -     qualities

                                           stingy                     -     not willing to share

Antonym   ��ͤӷ���դ������µç�ѹ���� �� fresh ��� stale �� antonym �ѹ���� fresh 㹤�����������ǡѺ���������� Ê´ ���� ��ǹ stale ����� ���ʴ���� �����ա������ҧ��ͤ� wonderful �� antonym �Ѻ terrible ���� wonderful ����� �� �� terrible ����� ��� ��ҡ���   ������ҧ������

                                          dishonest           #     honest

                                          lazy                   #     hardworking

                                          irresponsible       #     responsible

                                          selfish                #     unselfish

                                          stingy                 #     generous

                                          mean                 #     nice

Like ������ѧ linking verbs ���� look  sound  smell  taste  feel  seem ����͵�ͧ������º��º�ͧ�ͧ��� 㹡óչ���������ö�ҧ�Ӥس�Ѿ�������ѧ like �� ��

                                   It        looks              like         a leaf.

                                   It        tastes             like         chocolate ice cream

                                   It        sounds           like         a doorbell.

                                   It        feels              like         soft cotton.

                                   It        smells            like         the coffee is burning.

                                   It        seems            like         his idea will work. 1   

1  =   American Language Course, Second Edition, Book 17, Defense language Institute, English language Center ,( page 11)

 

Exercise

Match the questions with their answers.

1. Does this ice-cream taste like frozen water to you?  _____ No, but it�s sure seemed like he was very serious.

2. Does it smell like something is burning?                  _____ No, I think that it�s good.

3. Did the colonel sound like he was angry?                _____ Yes, it seems like the smell is coming from the oven.

 

Answer

 

����� appear (��ҡ�) ��� seem (������͹���) ������� to be ��Ҵ��ó� / �Ҵ��� ��

                                     She appears to be worried.

                                     ï¿½Í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½Õ·ï¿½Ò·Ò§ï¿½Ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

                                     She appears to be in a hurry.

                                     ï¿½Í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ§ï¿½Õº

                                     They seem to be business men.

                                     ï¿½Ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹¹Ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½Ã¡Ô¨

                                     They seem to be running to the bus.

                                     ï¿½Ç¡ï¿½Ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½Ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»·ï¿½ï¿½Ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

Exercise

Select the correct answer from a,   b,   or c for each question.

1   What seems to be the matter with the television?      ___________

2   Did there appear to be any more buses arriving at that time?   ______________

3   What seems to be difficult about the new schedule?    ________________

a.   I�m not sure. The screen just went black.

b.   No, I didn�t see any others.

c.   Well, we�ll miss lunch every other day.

 

Answer

 

㹻���¤ passive voice ����з� (agent) �繼���зӺҧ��觡Ѻ��иҹ�ͧ����¤ ����з�����ö�����駺ؤ�������ѵ�� ���㹻���¤ passive voice �ҧ����¤�Ҩ������ռ���зӻ�ҡ�����

Past active voice           Jack wrote this article.

Past passive voice         subject               was/were +past participle        agent (often not shown)

                                  This article           was written                           (by Jack)

Yes/no question               Was this article written by Jack?

Information question        By whom was this article written?

Yes/no question               Was this article written in U.S.A.?

Information question        Where was this article written in U.S.A.?

 

Choose the best answer

1   _____ Lincoln become the first president of America?

      a.     When                   b.   Did                          c.   Was

2   When was the first air conditioner built?

    a.    Is                         b.   did                          c.   was

3   The US. ____ Alaska for $7.2 million in 1867.

            a.    were bought          b.   was bought              c.   bought

 

 

Number + noun

�����ӹǹ�Ţ�ҧ���˹�Ҥӹ�� �����ҧ����ͧ��������ͧ����� � � ��� �����繤Ӥس�Ѿ����Ẻ˹�� �� two-week   third-row   three-day �س�Ѿ�����仢��¤ӹ�����ҧ���˹�Ҥӹ������ѹ���� ����

                                          A two-week vacation           �ѹ��ش�ѡ��͹�ͧ�ѻ����

                                          Third-row seats                    ������Ƿ�����

                                          A three-day fishing trip          ����Թ�ҧ仵��������ѹ

                                          A two-day train ride             ��ù��ö� (������) �ͧ�ѹ

                                          A two-story house                ��ҹ�ͧ���

Exercise

 

Fill in the blanks to complete the statements.

1         We get two breaks of 15 minutes each. We get two _____ breaks.

2         This machine needs three mechanics to operate it. It requires a _____ team.

3         I need 10 kilos of apples. Please buy two _____ bags.

4         Her report has 30 pages. She wrote a _____ report.

5         The English course lasts 4 months. It�s a _____ course.

 
Answer