Lesson 4
HAVE MAKE GET
have make get ��㹡���ʴ���������Һؤ��˹�����ӹҨ���кѧ�Ѻ��������Ӻҧ��� �����ç���ҧ����¤���
get ������¹��������þ��� ��� ‘to’ infinitive
have ��� make ������¹��������þ��� ��� infinitive without ‘to’
She |
had
made |
the mechanic |
repair |
her car. |
got |
to repair |
������ҧ��
If the captain can’t attend the meeting, he’ll have the commander go instead.
The teacher makes her students stay and do extra work at school till 5.00 all this week.
PERFECT MODALS
may have / might have / could have ���ʴ���äҴ����ʹյ ��
Dave is late today. He may have missed the skytrain.
ി������ѹ��� �Ҥ��о�Ҵö俿�� (���ö俿�����ѹ)
Captain Warodom might have taken a different flight.
�����͡ ��ô��Ҩ��������ǺԹ���
Kamjorn could have joined the Army but he joined the Navy.
�Ө�����ö��Ѥ���ҡͧ�Ѿ�������ҡ������͡�ӧҹ�Ѻ�ͧ�Ѿ����
must have ���ʴ���äҴ����ʹյ �����ٴ����ҧ���
They’re not hungry. They must have already eaten.
�ǡ�������� �ǡ�Ҥ��ҹ�����º��������
should have ��� ought to have �դ���������� ��è����з��蹹������ (������ԧ������)
You ought to / should have told me about this financial problem earlier.
�س��è���͡����ͧ�ѭ�ҡ���Թ����ͧ���������� (��س�������͡)
should not have �դ���������� ����á�з��蹹�� (������ԧ�����з�)
You shouldn’t have changed lanes without signaling while you were driving.
�س����è�����¹�Ź���������ѭ�ҳ��Фس���ѧ�Ѻö
(���������繨�ԧ�س������¹�Ź���������ѭ�ҳ)
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
MAIN CLAUSE |
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE |
She is a person
Is that the book
Here’s the car |
(whom)
(which)
(that) |
I admire.
the boss gave you?
I like so much. |
Adjective clause ��ͻ���¤����˹�ҷ�������繤Ӥس�Ѿ�� (adjective) ���¤����������ӹ�� ����þ��� ���ͤӷ����˹�ҷ�������ӹ�� adjective clause �ѡ�Ӵ��¤� relative pronoun : who, whom, which ��� that ����ͤ� relative pronoun ����ҹ���˹�ҷ���繡����ͧ����� (object of verb) ���͡����ͧ�ؾ�� (object of preposition) �ѹ����ö�١�Ѵ���仨ҡ����¤ �����㹰ҹ��������� ��
The shoes which I wanted were not available.
The shoes I wanted were not available.
THE SUFFIX -MENT
Suffix -ment �������ҧ��ѧ�ӡ���� �����ӡ���ҹ�鹡����繤ӹ�� �դ���������� “��á�з� ���� �Ţͧ” �ҧ��� ��
agreement = the act or result of agreeing
enlistment = the act or result of enlisting
entertainment = the act or result of entertaining
Bob and Joe agreed to keep their agreement a secret.
The employment rate is very high right now, the factories employ a lot of workers.
Grammar exercise lesson 4
Cross out the verbs that cannot be added the suffix –ment
1. advertise 2. agree
3. argue 4 . attach
5. entertain 6 . govern
7. measure 8 . place
9. pay 10. move
11. direct 12. amuse
13. attend 14. create
15. state 16. induce
17. enlarge 18. illustrate
19. judge 20. improve
Select the correct answer.
1. The boss got his secretary …………. the letter for him.
a. to type b. typing
c. typed
2. Peter can’t make the answers ………… out right.
a. to come b. coming
c. come
3. The doctor makes his patient ……….. the medicine.
a. to take b. taking
c. take
4. They had her ……… another chance on the test.
a. to take b. taking
c. take
5. A: What time did the captain come to work today?
B: I don’t know. He could ……… early because he told me he had two meeting today.
a. come b. have come
c. have came
6. A: Captain Wisith ran two days last week.
B: He ………………………………. every day.
a. should have b. ought to have ran
c. should have run
7. A: Captain Phairoj didn’t answer the phone yesterday evening.
B: He ……………………………… at work.
a. may have still be b. might have still be
c. could have still been
8. A: Tom stayed home for three days.
B: He ……………………………… sick.
a. must be really b. must have really been
c. must really been
9. A: It took us three days to drive to Washington D.C.
B: You …….. .
a. should fly b. should have flown
c. could have fly
10. The school ……. Komsan attends is very large.
a. whom b. which
c. who
11. The desserts …….. the restaurant serves are very delicious.
a. that b. whose
c. who
12. The suit ………… Linda wears are always neat.
a. what b. who
c. which
13. Mr Sakol is the math teacher …… I studied with last semester.
a. whom b. which
c. whose
14. That is the soldier ……….. the colonel helped.
a. which b. whose
c. whom
15. You don’t like hot weather, …….. ?
a. don’t you b. are you
c. do you
16. Captain Danai’s suitcase is still here. He ……… be far away.
a. can’t / couldn’t b can / could
c should / ought to
17. Susie is never ready on time. She ………. be ready now.
a. should / would b. can’t / couldn’t
c. can / could
18. He is married, ………. ?
a. is he b. doesn’t he
c. isn’t he
19. She likes dancing, …….?
a. does she b. didn’t she
c. doesn’t she
20. He never cooks, …….. ?
a. does he b. doesn’t he
c. did he
21. They can swim, ……. ?
a. can they b. do they
c. can’t they
22. Your son just ate. He …… be hungry.
a. can’t / couldn’t b. may / might
c. shan’t / won’t
Vocabulary exercise lesson 4
Fill in the blanks with the given words.
spoil coast brought back speeds calves
pork share persuaded argued appointment
control in the back of sudden force facts
taken deaf blind remind set
accuse
1. You should find out the facts before you ………. anyone of anything.
2. Sue always has some money ……… aside for emergencies.
3. Can you ……. me to pick up my laundry at the cleaners today.
4. The ……… cannot see, the ……… cannot hear.
5. The candidates’ experience and qualifications will be ……… into consideration when the
decision is made.
6. The committee discussed all the ……. before they made a decision.
7. The ……. of the wind destroyed twenty houses.
8. The ……… storm came and went within five minutes.
9. She was …….. her house in the kitchen.
10. The British Royal Marines sent a force to …….. the rescue.
11. Food may ……. easily in the hot weather.
12. The storm moved toward the Florida ………
13. The pictures ……… memories of the time I studied in the United States.
14. A hurricane moves forward at ………. of about 75 miles per hour.
15. Veal is the meat of ……. .
16. …….. is the meat of hogs.
17. Betty doesn’t …….. her room with anyone so she doesn’t have a roommate.
18. The boss ……. me to set aside some money in the bank.
19. They …… over the test score.
20. Capt. Wisith got the ………… to that position.
Answer key lesson 4
Grammar exercise lesson 4
Cross out the verbs that cannot be added the suffix –ment
1. advertise 2. agree
3. argue 4. attach
5. entertain 6. govern
7. measure 8. place
9. pay 10. move
11. direct X 12. amuse
13. attend X 14. create X
15. state 16. induce X
17. enlarge 18. illustrate X
19. judge 20. improve
Select the correct answer.
1. The boss got his secretary to type the letter for him.
a. to type b. typing
c. typed
2. Peter can’t make the answers come out right.
a. to come b. coming
c. come
3. The doctor makes his patient take the medicine.
a. to take b. taking
c. take
4. They had her take another chance on the test.
a. to take b. taking
c. take
5. A: What time did the captain come to work today?
B: I don’t know. He could have come early because he told me he had two meeting today.
a. come b. have come
c have came
6. A: Captain Wisith ran two days last week.
B: He should have run every day.
a. should have b. ought to have ran
c. should have run
7. A: Captain Pairoj didn’t answer the phone yesterday evening.
B: He could have still been at work.
a. may have still be b. might have still be
c. could have still been
8. A: Tom stayed home for three days.
B: He must have really been sick.
a. must be really b. must have really been sick
c. must really been
9. A: It took us three days to drive to Washington D.C.
B: You should have flown.
a. should fly b. should have flown
c. could have fly
10. The school which Komsan attends is very large.
a. whom b. which
c. who
11. The desserts that the restaurant serves are very delicious.
a. that b. whose
c. who
12. The suit which Linda wears are always neat.
a. what b. who
c. which
13. Mr Sakol is the math teacher whom I studied with last semester.
a. whom b. which
c. whose
14. That is the soldier whom the colonel helped.
a. which b. whose
c. whom
15. You don’t like hot weather, do you ?
a. don’t you b. are you
c. do you
16. Captain Danai’s suitcase is still here. He can’t / couldn’t be far away.
a. can’t / couldn’t b can / could
c should / ought to
17. Susie is never ready on time. She can’t / couldn’t be ready now.
a. should / would b. can’t / couldn’t
c. can / could
18. He is married, isn’t he?
a. is he b. doesn’t he
c. isn’t he
19. She likes dancing, doesn’t she?
a. does she b. didn’t she
c. doesn’t she
20. He never cooks, does he?
a. does he b. doesn’t he
c. did he
21. They can swim, can’t they?
a. can they b. do they
c. can’t they
22. Your son just ate. He can’t / couldn’t be hungry.
a. can’t / couldn’t b. may / might
c. shan’t / won’t
Vocabulary exercise lesson 4
Fill in the blanks with the given words.
spoil coast brought back speeds calves
pork share persuaded argued appointment
control in the back of sudden force facts
taken deaf blind remind set
accuse
1. You should find out the facts before you accuse anyone of anything.
2. Sue always has some money set aside for emergencies.
3. Can you remind me to pick up my laundry at the cleaners today.
4. The blind cannot see, the deaf cannot hear.
5. The candidates’ experience and qualifications will be taken into consideration when the
decision is made.
6. The committee discussed all the facts before they made a decision.
7. The force of the wind destroyed twenty house.
8. The sudden storm came and went within five minutes.
9. She was in the back of her house in the kitchen.
10. The British Royal Marines sent a force to control the rescue.
11. Food may spoil easily in the hot weather.
12. The storm moved toward the Florida coast.
13. The pictures brought back memories of the time I studied in the United States.
14. A hurricane moves forward at speeds of about 75 miles per hour.
15. Veal is the meat of calves.
16. Pork is the meat of hogs.
17. Betty doesn’t share her room with anyone so she doesn’t have a roommate.
18. The boss persuaded me to set aside some money in the bank.
19. They argued over the test score.
20. Capt. Wisith got the appointment to that position. |