Lesson 1


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.edudemic.com/teaching-by-texting-how-some-schools-encourage-texting-in-class/

Students are not allowed to text in class.

�ѡ���¹������Ѻ͹حҵ����觢�ͤ�����

 

Grammar: permission

��ú͡��������Ѻ͹حҵ������������ö���ç���ҧ be allowed/permitted to ��

��ѡ���

You are allowed to go home.

�ç���ҧ

������ҧ

 


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.smartdraw.com/examples/view/restricted+area+-+authorized+personnel+only+sign/

 

 

Subject + be (not) allowed to + verb

Subject + be (not) permitted to + verb

-Only authorized officers are allowed to enter the restricted areas.

੾�����˹�ҷ�������Ѻ����ͺ�ӹҨ�������ö����㹾�鹷���ǧ������

 

-All military students are permitted to wear civilian attire for the field trip tomorrow.

�ѡ���¹���÷��������Ѻ͹حҵ������ش�����͹价�ȹ�֡���ѹ���觹��

 

-You are not allowed to take pictures in this building.

�س������Ѻ͹حҵ�������ٻ㹵֡���

Asking Permission

�ç���ҧ

������ҧ


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.eberliron.com/catalyst.aspx?st=11020&e=search&prodpgsz=15&prodsort=sortorder&category_parent_id=1073&parentName=Traffic%20Safety%20Products&side_navigation_index=TS&catid=1230&page=2

 

Be + subject + allowed/permitted...?

- Are we allowed to park here?

������Ѻ͹حҵ���ʹ�ç������������

 

- Were they permitted to take last week off?

�ǡ�����Ѻ͹حҵ�����ش�ҷԵ���������������

 

- Will female officers be permitted to serve in combat roles?

��·���˭ԧ�����Ѻ͹حҵ��黯Ժѵԧҹ㹺��ҷ�ҧ���ú�͹Ҥ��������

 


 

�Ҿ�ҡ http://usnavyjagcorps.wordpress.com/tag/washington-navy-yard/

 

- Can + subject + v.���ѹ...?

- Could + subject + v.���ѹ...?

- May + subject + v.���ѹ...?

- Can the new officer report himself to the CO (Commanding Officer) now?

��·�����������ö�����§ҹ��ǡѺ���ѧ�Ѻ������͵͹������������

 

- Could the patient be discharged today?

��������ö�͡�ҡ�ç��Һ���ѹ������������

 

- May I make a request for traveling allowance?

�����ԡ�����������§�Թ�ҧ���������


�Ҿ�ҡ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RAAF_Point_Cook_Officers_Mess.jpg

 

- Is it okay if + sentence...?

- Do you mind if + sentence...?

 

- Is it okay if I leave the office earlier?

�����������Ҽ����͡�ҡ���ӧҹ���ǡ��һ���

 

- Do you mind if I stop by the Officers' Mess before we go to lunch outside?

�س��������������Ҽ��Т���з��������ѭ�Һѵá�͹����͡仡Թ���ǡ�ҧ�ѹ��ҧ�͡�ѹ�������


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.australiandiggers.com/photo/tag/raaf/

- Would you mind if + subject + v.(2)...?

- Would you mind if I brought my wife to the unit's dining-in?

 

�س���ѧ��¨�����Ҽ���������ҧҹ����§�Ѻ�ͧ����


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.wmay.com/wmay-news/archives/2012-10/

 

- I wonder if I could + v.���ѹ

- I wonder if I could take photograph in the museum?

 

��ʧ�����Ҽ�����ö�����Ҿ㹾ԾԸ�ѳ��������������Ѻ

Giving Permission

�ç���ҧ

������ҧ

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://timemanagementninja.com/2011/01/25-reasons-to-say-yes/

 

- Sure, go ahead.

- Sure, (it's) okay.

- Sure, no problem.

- No, I don't mind at all.

- Yes, of course.

- Yes, you (can/may).

- Of course.

- Certainly.

A: Would you mind if I brought my wife to the unit's dining-in?

B: No, I don't mind at all.

 

- �س���ѧ��¨�����Ҽ���������ҧҹ����§�Ѻ�ͧ����

- �����¤�Ѻ

Denying Permission

�ç���ҧ

������ҧ


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/irene-s-levine/7-tips-for-saying-no-to-a_b_828759.html

 

- Sorry.

- Sorry, (it's) not allowed/permitted.

- I'm sorry, but...

- I wish you wouldn't.

- Sorry, I can't.

- (No) I'm afraid not.

- Please don't.

A: I wonder if I could take photograph in the museum?

B: Sorry, it's not permitted.

 

- ��ʧ�����Ҽ�����ö�����Ҿ㹾ԾԸ�ѳ��������������Ѻ

- ���ɤ�Ѻ  �����Ҿ������Ѻ

 

Match the permission asking sentences to the correct replies.

���Ѻ������¤��͹حҵ�Ѻ����¤�ͺ����ʹ���ͧ�ѹ

1. Are we permitted to swim here?

a. I wish you wouldn't. I have just enough cash for my lunch.

2. Would you mind if I played the piano now?

b. Certainly. I don't have any plan tonight.

3. May I borrow your white uniform for the function tomorrow?

c. Sorry. The seat has been taken.

4. Could you lend me some money?

d. I'm afraid food is not permitted in the room.

5. Is it ok if my son stay with you tonight? I have something to do.

e. Certainly, you have traveled a lot. You must know some good places.

6. Do you mind if I sit with you?

f. Sure, no problem. As long as you can pass the audition.

7. I wonder if I could join the volleyball team?

g. I'm sorry, but I need it too.

8. Can I choose the place to stay for our holiday?

h. Yes, you may. They will be more useful there for the kids.

9. Are we allowed to bring any food in the meeting room?

i. No, I don't mind at all. I love music.

10. May I give these magazines to the school's library?

j. Please don't. The current is dangerous in this area.

 

���

 

1. Are we permitted to swim here?

j. Please don't. The current is dangerous in this area.

 

�������Ѻ͹حҵ������¹�ӵç����������

����Ҥ�Ѻ����ͧ  ����ʹ���ѹ�����ҡ����dz���


�Ҿ�ҡ http://digitaljournal.com/article/286363

2. Would you mind if I played the piano now?

i. No, I don't mind at all. I love music.

 

��س���ѧ��¨��������Ҽ���������⹵͹���

������¤��  �ѹ�ѡ���§�ŧ"


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.101pianoandstrings.com

3. May I borrow your white uniform for the function tomorrow?

g. I'm sorry, but I need it too.

 

������������ͧẺ���Ԣ������Ѻ�ҹ�ѹ���觹��������

����ɹ�  �����ͧ������͹�ѹ"


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.wedsociety.com/wedding-ideas/for-the-boys/160491

4. Could you lend me some money?

a. I wish you wouldn't. I have just enough cash for my lunch.

 

��س���ѹ����Թ������

�����ѧ��Ҥس����������  ���м����Թ����������á�ҧ�ѹ�ͧ����ҹ��"


�Ҿ�ҡ http://3goals3years.com/lending-money-to-friendsfamily/

5. Is it ok if my son stay with you tonight? I have something to do.

b. Certainly. I don't have any plan tonight.

 

������������Ҽ��ҡ�١������Ѻ�س�׹���  ���պҧ���ҧ��ͧ�Ӕ

������  �������Ἱ���ä׹���"

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.turkishclass.com/picture_23239

6. Do you mind if I sit with you?

c. Sorry. The seat has been taken.

 

����ѧ��¨�����Ҽ���觡Ѻ�س�

����ɤ��  �ç����դ��������"

�Ҿ�ҡhttp://lissgallery.com/?page_id=413

7. I wonder if I could join the volleyball team?

f. Sure, no problem. As long as you can pass the audition.

 

��ԩѹʧ�����Ҵԩѹ����ҷ���������������������ҤД

�����¤��  ����ջѭ��  ��Һ��ҷ��س����ö��ҹ��äѴ���͡��"


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://nadoo-doo.blogspot.com/2011/09/thai-vs-japan-2011-asian-womens.html

8. Can I choose the place to stay for our holiday?

e. Certainly, you have traveled a lot. You must know some good places.

 

��ͼ��繤����͡���ѡ����Ѻ���仾ѡ��͹�ѹ��ش��ͧ�ǡ������������

������¤��  �س�Թ�ҧ���¤����ѡ���ѡ�������"

 

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=4441

9. Are we allowed to bring any food in the meeting room?

d. I'm afraid food is not permitted in the room.

 

��������ö������������ͧ��Ъ�����������

����ç�������è�������Ѻ͹حҵ�����������ͧ��Ѻ"


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.mydoorsign.com/no-food-or-drink-signs.aspx

10. May I give these magazines to the school's library?

h. Yes, you may. They will be more useful there for the kids.

 

��ѹ��ҹԵ���þǡ���������ͧ��ش�ç���¹���������

����  �ѹ���繻���ª��Ѻ��������ҡ����"

 

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://bottosblog.blogspot.com/2012/01/by-nook-or-by.html

 

Grammar: Review of Progressives

 

Progressive ���ͺҧ�����Ҩ���¡��� Continuous ��� ������Ѻ���͸Ժ�¶֧��觷����ѧ���Թ���� � ���ҹ�� � ������� tense �����ѡɳз��ᵡ��ҧ�ѹ 

 

 


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?134689-Today-s-Pix!-Friday-May-23rd-2008/page3

 



 

The soldier is paying respect to the US national flag now.

 

���ä���鹡��ѧ�Ӥ�����þ���ҵ�����ԡѹ���袳й��

 

��ѡ���

The Progressive

ʶҹ��ó�����

������ҧ

Present

Subject + v. Be (1) + v.ing


�Ҿ�ҡ

http://www.qe2foundation.com/en/home/now/default.aspx

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó����Դ��������§�Ѻ���ҷ��ٴ

- We are studying progressives now.

��ҡ��ѧ�֡�� progressives �ѹ����

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó����Դ��� � �Ѩ�غѹ ��д��Թ�������������˹��

- My parents are living in Chiang Mai.

������ͧ���������������§����

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�зӷ����Դ����͹Ҥ�

- My wife is coming back from Australia.

����Ҽ����ѧ�С�Ѻ�Ҩҡ���������

Past

Subject + v. Be (2) + v.ing


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://dixonbaxi.com/uktv-yesterday-rebrand-2/

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó����Դ�����д��Թ���� � ���������˹���ʹյ

- At 9 o'clock this morning, the first year naval cadets were receiving the punishment from their seniors.

��������� 9 ���ԡ��������ҹ�� �ѡ���¹������ͪ�� 1 ���ѧ���Ѻ���ŧ�ɨҡ��蹾��ͧ�ǡ��

 

- I was having a meeting with the commandant when the instructor called me to report about the punishment.

� ���ҷ����������§ҹ����ͧ���ŧ�ɹ��  �����ѧ��Ъ������Ѻ���ѭ�ҡ���ç���¹

Future

Subject + will + v. Be + v.ing


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://dixonbaxi.com/uktv-yesterday-rebrand-2/

 

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó�����Դ�����Шд��Թ���� � ���������˹���͹Ҥ�

 

 

 

 

 

 

- The cadets will be taking a sea training in this October.

�ѡ���¹������ͨС��ѧ�֡�Ҥ�������͹���Ҥ����

 

- All seamen will be participating the training throughout next week.

�ŷ��è����������ý֡��ʹ�ѻ����˹��

Present Perfect

Subject + v. Have (1) + been + v.ing

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://blog.pawshpal.com/2011/02/15/do-you-want-unconditional-love/

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó������������ʹյ����ѧ���Թ����㹻Ѩ�غѹ (���Թ������ͧ�ҵ�ʹ�����Դ��鹫���㹪�ǧ����˹��

- The dog has been waiting for his owner at the front door since she left this morning.

��ͧ����ѧ������ҹ�¢ͧ���������е�˹�ҵ�������͡�ҡ��ҹ��������ҹ��

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó������������ʹյ  ���Թ��������� �����觨�����شŧ���ҹ

- I have been completing the preparation for the new overseas posting.

��������稨ҡ�������������Ѻ˹�ҷ������ � ��ҧ�����

Past Perfect

Subject + v. Have (2) + been + v.ing


�Ҿ�ҡ

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/picturegalleries/worldnews/8081294/Super-typhoon-Megi-hits-Taiwan-causing-landslides-as-45-inches-of-rain-falls-in-48-hours.html?image=6

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó������������ʹյ  ���Թ��������� �������شŧ����ͺҧ����Դ����ҢѴ

 

���������Ҩ�д٤���¡Ѻ� past progressive ��ҹ��  ��� past progressive �к͡����ҡ��ѧ���������袳й����㹵�����ҧ��ҹ��

I was having a meeting with the commandant when the instructor called me to report about the punishment.

�繡�ú͡����� � ���ҷ����������§ҹ����ͧ���ŧ�ɹ��  �����ѧ��Ъ������Ѻ���ѭ�ҡ���ç���¹

��ǹpast perfect progressive ��鹨�����ҷ������������ҹҹ��Ҵ�˹��͹��������蹨��Դ�ҢѴ ��㹻���¤��ҹ���  ���������Դ���������������ա���Թ�������ҧ������ͧ�������������ª��������͹�����ب�����ҷ�����ͧ��ش�Թ

- We had been marching for hours until the storm stopped us.

����Թ�ǡѹ���������ª����������з�觾����ҷ���������ش

Future Perfect

Subject + will +

have been + v.ing

 


�Ҿ�ҡ https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=561607157227902&set=a.386018608120092.104096.385738328148120&type=1&theater

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó� � ��ǧ���������˹���͹Ҥ� ��ҡ�á�з������˵ء�ó�ѧ������ѧ���Թ�����ҵ�����ͧ��ФҴ��ó���Ҩд��Թ�����͹Ҥ�

- By 2043, HTMS Krabi, the proof to Thailand's self-sufficiency in naval construction, will have been protecting our home waters for 30 years.

 

㹻� 2043 �.�.���� ���ͷ��������ͧ���٨����Ҥ�������ö��觾ҵ��ͧ㹴�ҹ��õ������  ���黡��ͧ��ҹ��Ӣͧ����ҵ�ʹ���������� 30 ��

- ����͡���Ƕ֧��á�з������˵ء�ó����Ҵ��ҡ��ѧ���Թ�������ҧ������ͧ�͹Ҥ���͹�������ա�˵ء�ó�˹���Դ���

 

�˵ء�ó����Դ����ҢѴ���� present simple tense (v1) ����

 

���ᵡ��ҧ�ͧ future progressive ��� future perfect progressive ������͹������������ past perfect progressive ��觡��� future perfect progressive ���鹡�á�зӷ�������ͧ

- His dog will have been waiting for him for hours at the front door when he arrives this evening.

��ͧ��Ңͧ�Ҥ��й��������������繪����������Ƿ���е�˹��������ҡ�Ѻ仵͹��繹��

 

Complete the sentences with the given verbs in the right column and make sure they are in the correct progressive forms (-ing).

���ӻ���¤����ҹ���������ó���¡���������ҷ�������㹴�ҹ�������������ٻ progressive ���١��ͧ

1. Since the first day, Jim _____ every minute of working in the office until the current boss came to the position last month.

enjoy

2. Sorry I didn't hear your call. I _____ then.

sleep

3. My car _____ apart since it reached its 10 year anniversary last year.

fall

4. By January next year, the cadets _____ for 4 years.

study

5. The party is taking place tonight. Therefore, right after office hours, all my colleagues _____ the banners and decorations.

hang

6. Cathy _____ the money through ATM when the power was down.

transfer

7. At this very moment, the captain _____ his subordinates severely.

punish

8. Up until now, the prisoner _____ that he committed the crime.

refuse

9. All military personnel _____ for a minute of silence in the funeral of the fallen soldiers tomorrow.

stand

10. The outsourced personnel _____ the hull of the warship for a month already. We should have done it ourselves. It would be done in no time.

repair

 

���

 

1. Since the first day, Jim had been enjoying every minute of working in the office until the current boss came to the position last month.

���ʹء�Ѻ�ء�ҷ�㹡�÷ӧҹ㹷��ӧҹ��������ѹ�á�����ҷӧҹ  ����з���ѹ����¤��Ѩ�غѹ��������˹��������͹�������


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/27/jobs-where-workers-hate-bosses_n_27683

 

��͹���ͧ�� past perfect progressive �����繡������Ҩ��ʹء�Ѻ��÷ӧҹ�ҵ�ʹ������ѹ�á�ͧ��÷ӧҹ (������ʹյ���Թ�����ҧ������ͧ)  �����ʹء����������͹�¤��������ҷӧҹ�������͹�������  (����ش�������Դ�˵ء�ó���蹢���ҢѴ)

2. Sorry I didn't hear your call. I was sleeping then.

����ɷ��ѹ������Թ���س����  �ѹ���ѧ��Ѻ����

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.google.co.th/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&docid=1uFmIr3lU_Zf0M&tbnid=UEUXTo7VYoWqWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Ftechnology%2Ftexting-in-your-sleep-not-gr8%2Fstory-e6frfro0-1226201995575&ei=TK5PUvDXOZHprQfFuoGADw&psig=AFQjCNFBw_jr4djj73Ik7TAAu0FgjkcMMw&ust=1381039983021455

 

��͹���ͧ�� past progressive �����繡�þٴ�֧������˹���ʹյ (� ���ҷ��س����)  ��Ң�й����觷����ѧ���Թ������ �ѹ���ѧ��Ѻ

3. My car has been falling apart since it reached its 10 year anniversary last year.

ö�ͧ�ѹ���ҡ��������ǹ�оѧ�����֧�շ��10 �����ͻշ������


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://footage.shutterstock.com/clip-3602282-stock-footage-beautiful-woman-trying-to-fix-broken-car-engine-on-the-street.html

 

 

��͹���ͧ�� present perfect progressive �������˵ء�ó���������ʹյ (�շ������������ѹ���ؤú 10 ��) ��д��Թ�����ҧ������ͧ���֧�Ѩ�غѹ (���ҡ�������ҵ�ʹ)

4. By January next year, the cadets will have been studying for 4 years.

����Ͷ֧���Ҥ���˹��  �ѡ���¹�����������ҹ������֡���������� 4 ������


�Ҿ�ҡhttps://www.facebook.com/pages/˹��½֡�ѡ���¹������ͪ������-��Шӻա���֡��-����/539527069402921

 

��͹���ͧ�� future perfect progressive �����繡�ú͡��� � ����˹���͹Ҥ� (���Ҥ���˹��) ����֡�ҹ������Թ�����ҧ������ͧ���������� 4 ������  �� perfect (have + v.3) 㹷���������鹤���������ͧ�ѧ�����

5. The party is taking place tonight. Therefore, right after office hours, all my colleagues will be hanging the banners and decorations.

�ҹ��������Դ��鹤׹���  �ѧ���  � ���ҷ�����ҧҹ���ŧ ���͹�����ҹ�ͧ�ѹ�ء���������蹻�����Тͧ����ʶҹ����ҧ�


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.123rf.com/photo_15784430_festive-new-year-office-party-office-workers-having-fun-with-accessories.html

 

��͹���� future progressive �����ͧ��ѧ�ش˹���͹Ҥ� (��������ҧҹ���ŧ) ��觷��д��Թ���� � ���ҹ�鹤�� ������»�����Тͧ����

6. Cathy was transferring the money through ATM when the power was down.

सա��ѧ�͹�Թ��ҹ����ͷ��������������俿�ҴѺ


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/online-banking/deposit-checks-through-atm.htm

 

��͹����� past progressive ���ͺ͡��觷����ѧ���Թ�����ʹյ (���ѧ�͹�Թ) 㹢�з�����ա���˹���Դ����ҢѴ (俿�ҴѺ)

7. At this very moment, the captain is punishing his subordinates severely.

� ���ҹ��  �����͡��ҹ��鹡��ѧŧ�ɼ����ѧ�Ѻ�ѭ�Ңͧ�����ҧ˹ѡ

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://spousebuzz.com/blog/2009/07/discipline-military-mom-style.html

��͹���� present progressive ���оٴ�֧��觷����ѧ���Թ���� � ���ҹ�� (at this very moment)

8. Up until now, the prisoner has been refusing that he committed the crime.

����з�觺Ѵ���  �ѡ�ɡ��ѧ����ʸ����ҡ���Ҫ�ҡ������

 


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://modern-prepper.com/tag/police/

 

��͹���� present perfect progressive ���оٴ�֧��觷����Թ�ҵ�ʹ�����ʹյ���֧�Ѩ�غѹ ��蹤�͡�û���ʸ����Ѻ����繤�����Ҫ�ҡ���

9. All military personnel will be standing for a minute of silence in the funeral of the fallen soldiers tomorrow.

�ѹ���觹����÷ء��¨��׹��������ʧ����������˹�觹ҷ�㹾Ը�Ⱦ�ͧ���÷�����ª��Ե


�Ҿ�ҡ http://metro.co.uk/2013/07/12/gallery-military-funeral-for-murdered-soldier-lee-rigby-3880138/ay_114076325-jpg/

 

��͹�� �� future progressive ����ͤҴ��ó�������˹�����㴨С��ѧ���Թ���� (�С��ѧ�׹��������) 㹨ش�����͹Ҥ�  (㹾Ը�Ⱦ�ѹ���觹��)

10. The outsourced personnel have been repairing the hull of the warship for a month already. We should have done it ourselves. It would be done in no time.

�ؤ�ҡ���¹͡����ҧ�ҹ��������ӵ��������������˹����͹�����ѧ�������  ��Ҥ�è����繤������ͧ  �ѹ��Ҩ���������������ҹ


�Ҿ�ҡhttp://www.lbshipping.com/index.php?id=51

 

��͹���� present perfect progressive �����繡�á�зӷ�������ͧ������������ 1 ��͹����  ����ѧ�����Թ����

 

Grammar: Suffix -y

 

����Һҧ�������ö����¹����繹����  ����� -y ������¤�

 

 

 




 

She always has her camera in case there's something she wants to photograph. She takes his photography very seriously.

 

���ѡ���ա��ͧ�Դ�����������觷������ҡ�����Ҿ���  �ͨ�ԧ�ѧ�Ѻ��ö����Ҿ�ҡ

 

Complete the sentences with the words in the right column and make sure they are in the correct part of speech.

���ӻ���¤����ҹ���������ó���¡������ӷ�������㹴�ҹ�������������ٻ���١��ͧ

1. We thought it might be difficult for Ken to _____ from the accident, but his _____ is impressively speedy.

recover

2. Michael Faraday _____ how to develop electric motor. This _____ has made our lives easier.

discover

3. The reporters want to _____ about our new project. Can you help them with their _____ ?

inquire

4. It is crucial to _____ the weapon correctly. The inaccurate _____ will cause fatal damage to the crew.

assemble

5. Can you arrange to have the bouquet _____ to my girlfriend? It's her birthday today so the _____ needs to be done this morning.

deliver

 

���

 

1. We thought it might be difficult for Ken to recover from the accident, but his recovery is impressively speedy.

 

��ҤԴ����ѹ��������ͧ�ҡ���ह�п�鹵�Ǩҡ�غѵ��˵� ���ÿ�鹵�Ǣͧ�ҡ�Ѻ������ҧ�Ǵ���ǹ�һ�зѺ�


 

�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.thayerip.com/patient-gallery

2. Michael Faraday discovered how to develop electric motor. This discovery has made our lives easier.

 

�����  �������鹾��Ըա�����ҧ������俿��  ��ä鹾����������Ե��ҧ��¢��

 

���ͧ�ҡ�������鹾���觹���ʹյ  discover �֧�繪�ͧ 2 (past simple)


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.hydro.mb.ca/education/hazard_hamlet/science/pioneers.html

3. The reporters want to inquire about our new project. Can you help them with their inquiry ?

 

�ѡ������ҡ�ѡ���������º�Ѻ�ç����ѹ����  �س���µͺ��ͫѡ����ͧ�ǡ�ҷ�

 

����ͨ�����¹����ҡ���������ŧ���´��� e ���Ѵ e ��駡�͹����� y


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.aiche.org/resources/chemeondemand/webinars/media-training-and-public-outreach-getting-message-across

 

 

4. It is crucial to assemble the weapon correctly. The inaccurate assembly will cause fatal damage to the crew.

 

�ѹ������ͧ�Ӥѭ���е�ͧ��Сͺ���ظ���١��ͧ  ��û�Сͺ���Դ�С������Դ����������¶֧���Ե����١���

 

����ͨ�����¹����ҡ���������ŧ���´��� e ���Ѵ e ��駡�͹����� y

 

 

 


�Ҿ�ҡ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4_carbine

 

 

5. Can you arrange to have the bouquet delivered to my girlfriend? It's her birthday today so the delivery needs to be done this morning.

 

�س���¨Ѵ�������ʹ͡������觶֧Ό�������  �ѹ����ѹ�Դ��  �ѧ��鹡�èѴ�觨��繵�ͧ��������ҹ��

 

�������÷�����������  ������ٻ have something done  �ѧ��� delivered �֧���繷��е�ͧ�繪�ͧ 3

 


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.hdwallpaperspics.com/rose-bouquet-hd-wallpapers.html

 

 

Reading: Main idea and details

 

����Ӥѭ㹡����ҹ��С����¹��͡���к�㨤����Ӥѭ�ͧ����ͧ (Main Ideas)  ��觨��繵�Ǥ���ç����ͧ������  �����ŷء���ҧ����ҡ�������ǹ��������������ͷ�����¡�ѹ��� supporting details �ͧ㨤����Ӥѭ��� �  ��������˹���ѡ���ջ���¤���͡㨤����Ӥѭ�ͧ���˹�ҹ������� ���¡��� topic sentence  ��觻���¤����Ҩ�������ç�˹����ͧ���˹��  ���辺���¤�ͻ���¤�á ���ͻ���¤�ش����  �ͧ�ͧ�� topic sentence ����˹�ҵ��仹��

 


�Ҿ�ҡ http://ftsvisualculture.wordpress.com/page/107/

 

There are several steps that need to be taken to make America a land of equal opportunity for all. One is to make sure that all people are treated fairly under the law. For example, there must not be one treatment for the Chinese-Americans, another for the African-Americans, and still another for the Mexican-Americans. Another step is to make sure that all people are treated fairly in job training and in chances for employment. For instance, in the past there were some labor unions that would not accept black people as apprentices. Still another important step is to make sure that everyone has an equal opportunity to get an education. This means that there must not be a system whereby some schools in a city get most of the new equipment and textbooks while others in the same city get the hand-me-downs. By taking these steps, America could become a land of equal opportunity for all.

 

��������ͧ�ҡ Yuangsri, Nitaya. Reading Skills. Language Institute: Thammasat University Press, 1995.

 

 

��ѡ���

 

��鹵͹

������ҧ

 

1.�� Topic ������Ǣ������ͧ �¡��

��Ҵ��µ��Ҥӷ���ҡ���������

㹷����ӷ���ҡ����¤��

- America/American

- equal

- opportunity

- steps

 

�֧��ػ�������Ǣ�ͧ͢����ͧ����Ҩ�����ǡѺ��鹵͹������餹����ԡ����Է����������ѹ

2.�� Topic sentence���ͻ���¤����ʴ�㨤�����ѡ�ͧ����ͧ �¨��繡�ú͡�������ͧ���оٴ�֧ ��Ǣ�� ����topic (������ 1) �㹷�ȷҧ�˹   (�ҧ���� �Ҩ������ա����¹ topic sentence ���Ѵਹ���  �����ҹ�е�ͧ��ҹ������ػ㨤����Ӥѭ�ͧ)

 

㹷���� ����¤ topic sentence �������㹻���¤�á ���

 

There are several steps that need to be taken to make America a land of equal opportunity for all.

 

�բ�鹵͹�������¢�鹵͹����ͧ��з����������������ԡ��繴Թᴹ��觤�����������ѹ�ҧ�͡�ʢͧ�ء��

 

���㨤����Ӥѭ�ͧ��������ͧ�ѧ�١���㹻���¤��ػ (Concluding sentence) ����繻���¤�ش���´���

 

By taking these steps, America could become a land of equal opportunity for all.

 

����ͻ�ԺѵԵ����鹵͹����ҹ��  ����ԡҨ����繻������觤�����������ѹ�ҧ�͡�ʢͧ�ء��

 

�ѧ����ҡ�� topic sentence �����  �ͧ�ͧ�� concluding sentence �Ҩ�з�������� main idea ����¢��

3. ������� main idea ����  �������� ��� ��������´��ǹ���� ���� details ��� details �����ӴѺ�ͧ�����Ӥѭ���� ���

-      major details

-      minor details

 

�»������� minor details �ѡ���繡��¡������ҧ�ͧ major details �����繪Ѵਹ���

㹷���� major details ��� steps ���� ��鹵͹��ҧ �

 

Major detail #1

- One is to make sure that all people are treated fairly under the law.

����á��� ��ͧ���������ҷء�����Ѻ��û�Ժѵ����ҧ�صԸ�������顮����

 

Major detail #2

- Another step is to make sure that all people are treated fairly in job training and in chances for employment.

�ա���˹�觤�� ��ͧ���������ҷء�����Ѻ��û�Ժѵ����ҧ�صԸ��������ͧ��ý֡�ҹ ����͡��㹡�÷ӧҹ

 

Major detail #3

- Still another important step is to make sure that everyone has an equal opportunity to get an education.

����ѧ���ա˹�觢�鹵͹��� ��ͧ���������ҷء�����Ѻ��û�Ժѵ����ҧ�صԸ���㹴�ҹ����֡��

 

������� major details �� minor details ʹѺʹع

 

Minor detail ����Ѻ#1

For example, there must not be one treatment for the Chinese-Americans, another for the African-Americans, and still another for the Mexican-Americans.

¡������ҧ�� ��÷��е�ͧ����ա�û�ԺѵԵ�ͤ�����ԡѹ���ͪҵԨչẺ˹�� ����ա�û�ԺѵԵ�ͤ�����ԡѹ���ͪҵ��Ϳ�ԡѹ�աẺ˹�� ����ѧ���ա�û�ԺѵԵ�ͤ�����ԡѹ���ͪҵ���ꡫԡѹ�աẺ˹��

 

Minor detail ����Ѻ#2

For instance, in the past there were some labor unions that would not accept black people as apprentices.

¡������ҧ�� �ʹյ�������Ҿ�ç�ҹ�ҧ�������Ѻ����Ǵ���ҽ֡�ҹ

 

Minor detail ����Ѻ#3

This means that there must not be a system whereby some schools in a city get most of the new equipment and textbooks while others in the same city get the hand-me-downs.

������¶֧��� �е�ͧ������к����ҧ�ç���¹����ͧ���Ѻ�ػ�ó����˹ѧ������¹�����  㹢�з���ç���¹��������ͧ���ǡѹ���Ѻ˹ѧ�������ͧ

 

���������������ѧ�������  ����ö������¹�� outline chart ��������Ѵ���  �ѧ���

 

Topic: Equal opportunity in America

Topic Sentence:

There are several steps that need to be taken

to make America a land of equal opportunity for all.

 

Major Detail #1:

- One is to make sure that all people are treated fairly under the law.

Minor Detail #1:

- For example, there must not be one treatment for the Chinese-Americans, another for the African-Americans, and still another for the Mexican-Americans.

 

Major Detail #2:

- Another step is to make sure that all people are treated fairly in job training and in chances for employment.

Minor Detail#2:

- For instance, in the past there were some labor unions that would not accept black people as apprentices.

 

Major Detail #3:

- Still another important step is to make sure that everyone has an equal opportunity to get an education.

Minor Detail #3:

- This means that there must not be a system whereby some schools in a city get most of the new equipment and textbooks while others in the same city get the hand-me-downs.

 

Writing: Outlining

 

�ҡ�����������ҹ����� ����к�㨤����Ӥѭ main idea �����������´�����ʹѺʹع (supporting details) ���������˹ѡ�����Ͷ�����������Ҿ��� ������ͧ�Ӥѭ�������Ѻ�ҹ��ҹ��Чҹ��¹  㹧ҹ��ҹ��Ҩо������к� main idea ��� details ��ҧ�����¹����� outline ���������繤�������ѹ��ͧ������  ���ǹ�ͧ�ҹ��¹  ��Ҩзӡ�Ѻ�ѹ ��� ��Ҩ���������¡����¹ outline ��͹  �����������ŷ����Ҩ���¹�Ѵਹ����ʹ���ͧ�ѹ  �·�������� outline ��� �����繵�ͧ��¹����������¤ 

 

 

Write a paragraph using the information from the following outline.

����¹������˹�����˹������ outline ��ҹ��ҧ

Topic Sentence:

No one is perfect and neither is our manager.

Major Detail #1:

- his weaknesses

Minor Detail #1:

- easily flattered

Smaller Detail #1

- failing to differentiate the true praise and flattering statements

Minor Detail #2:

- too trusting

Smaller Detail #1

- been taken advantage of

Minor Detail #3:

- easily panicked

 

Major Detail #2:

- his strengths

Minor Detail #1:

- equipped with the ability to create new methods

 

Minor Detail #2:

- determined

Smaller Detail #1

- never stop to reach the goals

Minor Detail #3:

- attractive enough to make people loyal

 


��µ�����ҧ�ӵͺ

 

 


�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.thepoised.com/good-boss-michael-scott/

 

Nobody is perfect and neither is our manager. He has several weaknesses. To begin with, he is easily flattered. That is, he cannot tell the difference between true praise and flattering statements made by others only to gain his favor. Also, he is too trusting of people; many take advantage of him. Furthermore, he often panics in tense situations. However, he has many strong points which makes up for his weak ones. He has a rare ability for making up new, efficient methods of operation. He is a man with great drive. When he sets a goal for himself, he never stops until he reaches it. Finally, he has a way of making people loyal to him in spite of his many faults.

 

��������ͧ�ҡ Chalermpatarakul, Chuencheewee. Systematic Reading 1. Faculty of Liberal Arts: Thammasat University Press, 2010.

 

 

Vocabulary:  guessing meaning from context

 

��Ժ� ���� context �Ъ������������㨤��Ѿ����  �·������ͧ�Դ���ҹء��

 

Guess the meaning of the underlined words using context and write your definition in the right column.

���Ҥ������¢ͧ�ӷ��մ����������Ժ����� �����¹�������·����ŧ�㹪�ͧ�ҧ������

1. This movie is too scary. I can't bear to watch it anymore.

 

2. The sun's shining and the wind's blowing. It's ideal weather for sailing.

 

3. Another player will substitute when the key player is sick.

 

4. My superior spoke to me concerning my performance.

 

5. After repairing a machine, you should dispose of the old, useless parts.

 


��µ�����ҧ�ӵͺ

 

1. This movie is too scary. I can't bear to watch it anymore.

˹ѧ����ͧ����ҡ����Թ�  �ѹ���ٵ������������

tolerate

2. The sun's shining and the wind's blowing. It's ideal weather for sailing.

����ҷԵ����ѧ��ͧ�ʧ  ��������ѧ�Ѵ  �ѹ��ҧ����Ҿ�ҡ�ȷ�������������ͧ����

perfect

3. Another player will substitute when the key player is sick.

�����蹤���蹨�ŧ᷹����ͼ�������ѡ����

replace

4. My superior spoke to me concerning my performance.

���ѧ�Ѻ�ѭ�Ңͧ����¡Ѻ������ǡѺ����ͧ����Է���Ҿ��÷ӧҹ�ͧ��

regarding

5. After repairing a machine, you should dispose of the old, useless parts.

��ѧ�ҡ��������ͧ¹����������  �س��èСӨѴ��������������������ª���

get rid of