Lesson 3
�Ҿ�ҡ
http://modelivery.tarad.com/product.detail_536950_th_4648276?lang=th |
Even though
made of heavy armor, the tank is maneuverable. �֧���зӨҡ���з��˹ѡ ö�ѧ�ѹ����Ѻ����͹����� |
Grammar: Reducing adverb
clause of contrast to modifying phrase
����¤���·���˹�ҷ������ǹ���¡����
(adverb clause) ����ʴ������Ѵ��� (contrast
�ѡ�Т�鹵鹴��¤���� even though, although, though, ��� even if) ����öŴ�ٻ����������շ������»�иҹ�� 㹵�����ҧ��ҹ���繡��Ŵ�ٻ�Ҩҡ
Even though (it is) made of heavy armor,
the tank is maneuverable.
�ѧ��� ���������ҡ��Ŵ�ٻ��ѡɳй�� ��� ��õѴ��иҹ (����繵�����ǡѹ�Ѻ��иҹ㹻���¤��ѡ) ��С���� be
� adverb clause ����
Rewrite the
sentences into the reduced adverb clause. ����¹����¤����ҹ���������ٻ reduced
adverb clause |
1. Even if it's new, the car
still needs a lot of modification. ___________________________________________________________ 2.
LTJG Smith survived from the sinking ship though he was without life
jacket. ___________________________________________________________ 3.
Although it was recently repaired, the chopper had a malfunction. ___________________________________________________________ 4. Even though it is
shallow, the river is still too dangerous to swim in . ___________________________________________________________ 5.
Though it is physically weaker, the pen is mightier than the sword. ___________________________________________________________ |
���
1. Even if it's new, the car
still needs a lot of modification. Even if
new, the car still needs a lot of modification. �֧��������
��ö�ѹ����ѧ��ͧ��û�Ѻ���ա�������ҧ
2.
LTJG Smith survived from the sinking ship though he was without life
jacket. LTJG Smith
survived from the sinking ship though
without life jacket. �������Է���ʹ�ҡ���ͷ����֧�������������ͪ٪վ
3.
Although it was recently repaired, the chopper had a malfunction. Although it
was recently repaired, the chopper had a malfunction. �֧����������Ѻ��ë��� ���Ԥͻ�����ӹ����ѧ�ӧҹ�Դ����
4. Even though it is
shallow, the river is still too dangerous to swim in. Even though
it is shallow, the river is still too dangerous to swim in. �֧�����Ҩе��
�������¹����ѧ�ѹ�����Թ价���ŧ�����
�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.flickr.com/photos/19365058@N06/4364147443/ 5.
Though it is physically weaker, the pen is mightier than the sword. Though it
is physically weaker, the pen is mightier than the sword. �֧����ٻ��ҧ�дٺͺ�ҧ���� ��ҡ�ҷç��ѧ���ҴҺ�ҡ
|
Grammar: adverbial
connectives of contrast
����ʴ������Ѵ��駹͡�ҡ�����
�ӷ����������Ǵ�ҹ��
�ѧ�յ������� (connectives)�����ա�������ö�ʴ������Ѵ��������ҧ
2 ����¤��
�ͧ�ٵ��ҧ��ҹ��ҧ
He
concealed himself using many camouflage techniques; |
even so, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the
other hand, regardless
of that, |
he was
spotted by the enemy. |
|
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He
concealed himself using many camouflage techniques. |
Even so, However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless, On the
other hand, Regardless
of that, |
he was
spotted by the enemy. |
Match the first part of the
sentences with those in right column. ���Ѻ������¤���仹�� |
|
1. Grace has 2 degrees in
education. |
a. Nevertheless, too many blasts can cause
fatal damage to it. |
2. The natural disasters
recently occurring are unexpected. |
b. on the other hand, there are not many people
qualified. |
3. Helicopters can suspend
itself in the air without moving; |
c. Regardless
of that, the more frequent you climb, the more
serious risk you will face. |
4. Jim and Jake are
proficient climbers; |
d. Nonetheless, the permission to lift civilian car
needs to be granted first. |
5. The tank can withstand explosions. |
e. Regardless
of that, the military is ready to deal with all of them. |
6. The aircraft can hoist heavy objects. |
f. Even so, she hasn't got any teaching job. |
7. The warfare has changed tremendously in this decade; |
g. however, it cannot be for long as the
fuel pumps are running dry. |
8. The tank is covered with armor acting like a shield
to the soldiers inside; |
h. nevertheless, climbing the Everest mountains also
needs luck. |
9. There are many positions available for teachers; |
i. however, our defense forces have constantly and accordingly adapted
ourselves. |
10. It is necessary for a good climber to practice to
gain more experiences. |
j. even so, they can be injured if it is hit by repeated
blasts. |
���
1.
Grace has 2 degrees in education. Even so, she hasn't got any teaching job. �ë�ջ�Ô�Ҵ�ҹ����֡��
2 � ���͡��ѧ�����ҹ�͹��� |
2. The
natural disasters recently occurring are unexpected. Regardless of that, the
military is ready to deal with all of them. ��¸����ҵԷ���Դ㹪�ǧ��ѧ����ѡ�Դ�·��������ա�äҴ���ҡ�͹ ����á����������Ѻ��͡Ѻ�ѹ |
3.
Helicopters can suspend itself in the air without moving; however, it cannot
be for long as the fuel pumps are running dry. ���Ԥͻ��������ö����ӹ��������ҡ��
����������ö�������ҹ���й���ѹ���ѧ����� |
4. Jim
and Jake are proficient climbers; nevertheless, climbing the Everest
mountains also needs luck. ������ਤ�繹ѡ�չ�ҷ���դ�������ö�ҡ ���ûչ��͡�����������ʵ�ͧ��⪤���´��� |
5. The tank can withstand explosions. Nevertheless, too many blasts can
cause fatal damage to it. ö�ѧ���ç���Դ��
����ⴹ���Դ������������ö�������Դ����������·�������ç�� |
6. The aircraft can hoist heavy objects.
Nonetheless, the permission to lift civilian car needs to be granted first. ����ͧ�Թ����ö¡�ͧ˹ѡ���
���è�¡ö�����͹��鹵�ͧ���Ѻ���͹Øҵ��͹ |
7. The warfare has changed tremendously in this
decade; however, our defense forces have constantly and accordingly adapted ourselves. ���ʧ����������¹�ٻẺ����ҧ�ҡ 㹷����ȹ��
��ͧ�Ѿ�ͧ�ǡ��ҡ����Ѻ��������ҧ������������ʹ���ͧ�Ѻʶҹ��ó��ҧ�㹻Ѩ�غѹ |
8. The tank is covered with armor acting like a
shield to the soldiers inside; even so, they can be injured if it is hit by
repeated blasts. ö�ѧ��������������з���˹�ҷ������������Ѻ���÷�������ҧ�
��ǡ���Ҩ���Ѻ�Ҵ���������ⴹ���Դ���ҧ������ͧ |
9. There are many positions available for
teachers; on the other hand, there are not many people qualified. �յ��˹觤����ҧ�ҡ��� ����������դس���ѵԾ� |
10. It is necessary for a good climber to
practice to gain more experiences. Regardless of that, the more frequent you climb, the more serious risk you will face. �ѹ������ͧ���繷��ѡ�չ�ҵ�ͧ���蹽֡�����������ʺ��ó� ����觻չ�����������
��������§���س��༪Ô���ҡ����蹡ѹ |
Grammar: prepositions of concession and
�no matter� followed by noun clauses
�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.northidaho.massagetherapy.com/gift-certificates |
My kid will
never accept a gift from any stranger no matter how much it costs. �١�ͧ�ѹ������շҧ�Ѻ�ͧ��Ñ�ҡ���š˹�� �������ѹ��ᾧ��Ҵ�˹ |
�͡�ҡ�������
�ѧ���Ըա�����㹡���ʴ������Ѵ��������ҧ 2 ��ͤ��� ��͡���� no matter ������
�ؾ�� in spite of / despite ��� regardless of �ͧ�֡�Ҩҡ���ҧ��ҹ��ҧ
My kids
will never accept a gift from any stranger |
despite in spite of no matter regardless
of |
how much it
costs. |
|||
�Ҿ�ҡ http://fineartamerica.com/featured/camouflage-warrior-semmick-photo.html |
|||||
Despite In spite of No matter Regardless
of |
how much it
costs, |
my kids will
never accept a gift from any stranger. |
����� despite / in spite of / regardless of �ѧ����ö�����ա�Ը�
�ͧ�֡�ҵ��ҧ��ҹ��ҧ���
Luck is also needed to be able to climb the Everest
mountains |
despite in spite of regardless
of |
the fact
(that) Jim and Jake are already proficient climbers. |
�Ҿ�ҡ http://fineartamerica.com/featured/camouflage-warrior-semmick-photo.html |
||
Despite In spite of Regardless
of |
the fact
(that) Jim and Jake are already proficient climbers, |
luck is also needed to be able to climb
the Everest mountains. |
⪤�ѧ����觨���㹡�ûչ������������ �֧���㹢���稨�ԧ���
������ਤ���繹ѡ�չ�ҷ������ö���� (�֧���㹢���稨�ԧ���
������ਤ���繹ѡ�չ�ҷ������ö���� ⪤�ѧ����觨���㹡�ûչ������������) |
Rewrite the sentences using the words in right column. ����¹����¤���仹������ �����㹪�ͧ��ҹ��� |
|
1. I'm enjoying my trip. I've had some problems. ___________________________________________________ |
regardless of whatever |
2. Grace hasn't got any teaching job even though she has 2
degrees in education. ___________________________________________________ |
despite
the fact that
|
3. The tank is covered with expensive armor but it still can
be destroyed. ___________________________________________________ |
regardless
of how expensive |
4. Lieutenant Winston had pushed himself very hard. He still
failed to complete the SEAL course. ___________________________________________________ |
no
matter how hard |
5. Yut's weapon, his TV program,
cannot actually kill any one. It, however, can
destroy people's life. ___________________________________________________ |
in
spite of the fact that |
���
1. I'm
enjoying my trip. I've had some problems. - Regardless of whatever problems I've had, I'm enjoying my
trip. - I'm enjoying my trip regardless of whatever problems I've
had. �����ҩѹ�о��Ѻ�Ñ������� �ѹ��ʹء�Ѻ��Ի���
�Ҿ�ҡ http://www.123rf.com/photo_15152770_happy-passenger-man-carrying-luggage-isolated-on-white-background.html |
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2.
Grace hasn't got any teaching job even though she has 2 degrees in education.
- Grace hasn't got any teaching job despite the face that she has 2 degrees
in education. - Despite the face that she has 2
degrees in education, Grace hasn't got any teaching job. �֧�����ҵ������稨�ԧ�����ë���ջ�Ô�Ҵ�ҹ����֡�Ҷ֧ 2 � �͡��ѧ�����ҹ�͹����˹���
�Ҿ�ҡ http://myforensicscareer.com/forensic-pathology-degree/ |
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3.
The tank is covered with expensive armor but it still can be destroyed. - Regardless of how expensive armor it is covered with, the tank is still can be destroyed. - The tank is still can be destroyed regardless of how expensive armor it is
covered with. ������ö�ѧ�ѹ��鹨ж١���������������з��ᾧ�ҡ���˹ �ѹ���ѧ����ö�١������������
|
|||
4.
Lieutenant Winston had pushed himself very hard. He still failed to complete
the SEAL course. - No matter how hard he had pushed himself, Lieutenant Winston still failed to complete the SEAL course. - Lieutenant
Winston still failed to complete the SEAL course no matter how hard he had pushed himself. �������Ҩо������ҡ���˹ �����͡ �Թʵѹ���������ö����稡���֡����ѡ�ٵ� SEAL ��
�Ҿ�ҡ http://quotes-pictures.feedio.net/course-gallery-4-navy-seal-training-extreme-seal-experience/extremesealexperience.com*link_images*link852.jpg/ |
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5. Yut's
weapon, his TV program, cannot actually kill any one.
It, however, can destroy people's life. - In spite of the
fact that it cannot actually kill any one, Yut's
weapon, his
TV program, can destroy people's life. - Yut's
weapon, his TV program, can destroy people's life in
spite of the fact that it cannot actually kill any one. �֧���㹢���稨�ԧ
���ظ�ͧ�ط���觡�����¡�÷��բͧ�Ҩ��������ö����è�ԧ��� �ѹ���ѧ����ö����ª��Ե�ͧ��������
|