Gerund ��͡������� ing �� reading, eating, swimming
gerund����դӹ�������ѧ�����Ẻ˹�����¡��� gerund phrase gerund ��� gerund phrase ���繤ӹ����˹�ҷ��㹻���¤��ѧ���
1. ���繤ӹ����˹�ҷ���繡����ͧ����� (object of verb)
The students enjoy playing game.
The officers finished working about an hour ago.
2. ���˹�ҷ���繻�иҹ�ͧ����¤
Swimming is good exercise.
Flying airplanes is an interesting job.
3. ���繡��������ѧ�ؾ�� (object of preposition)
Thank you for visiting me.
She is tired of learning Latin.
�Ӻؾ��������Ѻ�ӡ������ФӤس�Ѿ��������ö������� Gerund
Verb + preposition
apologize for plan on
believe in talk about
decide on thank someone for
finish with think of
look forward to
Adjective + preposition
afraid of interested in
bored with nervous about
exited about proud of
fond of scared of
frightened of tired of
happy about worried about
Dave is bored with studying.
I am interested in buying your car.
MUST AS PROBABILITY
Must ��Ѻ����¤����ա���ҡ�Ш���� simple present tense ���� present progressive must �������ѡɳй���դ������¶֧ “���������” (probability) �ٻ����ʸ�� must not
The traffic is moving slowly, there must be an accident up ahead.
I smell apple pie from the kitchen, my mother must be baking apple pie.
Modals must may might could ��㹡�äҴ��ó���л���ҳ��ó�ҡ�����ŷ�������� �ҡ�բ����ŷ�������ҡ�� must ����դ������㨹���ŧ�� may might could
must very sure
may
might
could less sure
In Thailand and in England, the traffic must keep to the left, but in the United States to the right.
The doctor has worked hard all day, he must be tired.
Susie has a very big luxurious house and five expensive cars, she must be very rich.
���ǹ MODALS
MUST HAVE / HAD TO ��͡�֧����������кѧ�Ѻ
When you want to buy a car, you must have money.
MUST NOT ��㹡������
You must not smoke in the conference room.
= Don’t smoke in the conference room.
You must not drive through the red light..
= Don’t drive through the red light.
NOT HAVE / HAS TO �դ���������� “�����繵�ͧ”
Today is Sunday, we don’t have to go to class.
We have a lot of time. We don’t have to hurry.
WILL ��� BE GOING TO ��͡�֧Ҥ�
We will finish packing this evening.
We are going to finish packing this evening.
COULD ��� WOULD ��㹡�â���ͧ
Would you please turn on the light.?
Could you please hand me the salt?
Grammar exercise lesson 3
Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank.
must have to could
see have to would
learning driving serving
cooking receiving going to
could receive learn
1 _______ on a crowded highway makes me nervous.
2 She is interested in how to play badminton.
3 Susie is good at _________ .
4 Lt. Jim is happy about _________ his promotion.
5 Col. Somkiat is proud of serving his country.
6 A: When do I have to be at the airport?
B: You ______ be at the airport by 10 : 30 a.m.
7 It’s Sunday, so I don’t _____ get up early.
8 A: When will he see you?
B: He is going to _____ me tomorrow morning.
9 A: ______ you help me carry these books?
B: Sure, I can.
10 A: Could / ______ you help me with my homework?
B: Yes, I can.
11 We must / ______ obey the military police.
12 Admiral Phairoj is packing his suitcase. He is ________ travel to Europe.
Vocabulary exercise lesson 3
Choose the correct answer
1 Please state your date and place of ________ .
a. born b. berth c. birth
2 Sam was in the month of November.
a. birth b. born c. berth
3 I can’t to buy luxurious car, so I buy an economy car instead.
a. tempt b. afford c. earn
4 Danai has looked forward to to the North Pole.
a. fly b. flying c. flied
5 The male and female birds in sitting on eggs.
a. take time b. take over c. take turns
6 Many Chinese people ________ to America during the famine.
a. went away b. went back c. went over
7 Could you _________ ? I can’t hear the news.
a. turn the TV down b. turn the TV off c. turn the TV up
8 One of my tires in front of gas stations and I almost had an accident.
a. blow out b. blew out c. blew up
9 He is looking for small bugs _________ the rocks in the garden.
a. underneath b. subtitle c. below
10 I am not _________ to drive on the highway.
a. feared b. scared c. afraid
11 Tom’s parents are _______ him. He scored 100 on his test.
a. proud of b. pride of c. prudent of
12 A: Did you find the book you lost?
B: Not right away. It ________ a week later in my desk.
a. turned up b. turned in c. turned over
13 Don’t play the radio so . Play it softly.
a. loud b. heavily loudly
Answer key for grammar exercise lesson 3
1 Driving on a crowded highway makes me nervous.
2 She is interested in learning how to play badminton.
3 Susie is good at cooking.
4 Lt. Jim is happy about receiving his promotion.
5 Col. Somkiat is proud of serving his country.
6 A: When do I have to be at the airport?
B: You must be at the airport by 10 : 30 a.m.
7 It’s Sunday, so I don’t have to get up early.
8 A: When will he see you?
B: He is going to see me tomorrow morning.
9 A: Could you help me carry these books?
B: Sure, I can.
10 A: Could / Would you help me with my homework?
B: Yes, I can.
11 We must / have to obey the military police.
12 Admiral Phairoj is packing his suitcase. He is going to travel to Europe.
Answer key for vocabulary exercise lesson 3
1 Please state your date and place of birth.
a. born b. berth c. birth
2 Sam was born in the month of November.
a. birth b. born c. berth
3 I can’t afford to buy luxurious car, so I buy an economy car instead.
a. tempt b. afford c. earn
4 Danai has looked forward to flying to the North Pole.
a. fly b. flying c. flied
5 The male and female birds take turns in sitting on eggs.
a. take time b. take over c. take turns
6 Many Chinese people went over to America during the famine.
a. went away b. went back c. went over
7 Could you turn the TV up? I can’t hear the news.
a. turn the TV down b. turn the TV off c. turn the TV up
8 One of my tires blew out in front of gas stations and I almost had an accident.
a. blow out b. blew out c. blew up
9 He is looking for small bugs underneath the rocks in the garden.
a. underneath b. subtitle c. below
10 I am not scared to drive on the highway.
a. feared b. scared c. afraid
11 Tom’s parents are proud of him. He scored 100 on his test.
a. proud of b. pride of c. prudent of
12 A: Did you find the book you lost?
B: Not right away. It turned up a week later in my desk.
a. turned up b. turned in c. turned over
13 Don’t play the radio so loudly. Play it softly.
a. loud b. heavily loudly |
